" O Canada we stand on guard for thee" Stained Glass, Yeo Hall, Royal Military College of Canada featuring arms of the Canadian provinces and territories as of 1965 The population of the West relative to Canada as a whole has steadily grown over time, while that of Atlantic Canada has declined. Ontario and Quebec have always been the two biggest provinces in Canada, with together over 60% of the population at any given time. However, some provinces such as Saskatchewan, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland and Labrador have experienced long periods of stagnation or population decline. Generally, Canadian provinces have steadily grown in population along with Canada. In terms of percent change, the fastest-growing province or territory was Nunavut with an increase of 12.7% between 20, followed by Alberta with 11.6% growth, while New Brunswick's population decreased by 0.5%. Except for New Brunswick, all territories and provinces increased in population during this time. Ĭanada's population grew by 5.0% between the 20 censuses. The territories (the Northwest Territories, Nunavut and Yukon) account for over a third of Canada's area but are only home to 0.3% of its population, which skews the national population density value. Its four largest provinces by area ( Quebec, Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta) are also (with Quebec and Ontario switched in order) its most populous together they account for 86% of the country's population. The vast majority of Canada's population is concentrated in areas close to the Canada–US border. Territories of Canada Flag, name and postal abbr.Ĭhipewyan, Cree, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey, Tłįchǫ īreakdown of Canada's population from the 2016 census by province/territory The territory did not have any representation in federal parliament. The government of Keewatin was based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It occupied the area that is now the Kenora District of Ontario, northern Manitoba, and mainland Nunavut. The following table lists the territories in order of precedence (each province has precedence over all the territories, regardless of the date each territory was created).Īnother territory, the District of Keewatin, existed from October 7, 1876, until September 1, 1905, when it rejoined the Northwest Territories and became the Keewatin Region. They include all of mainland Canada north of latitude 60° north and west of Hudson Bay and all islands north of the Canadian mainland (from those in James Bay to the Queen Elizabeth Islands). Unlike the provinces, the territories of Canada have no inherent sovereignty and have only those powers delegated to them by the federal government. Provinces Provinces of Canada Flag, name and postal abbr. The territories are not sovereign, but instead their authorities and responsibilities are devolved directly from the federal level, and as a result, have a commissioner that represents the federal government. In modern Canadian constitutional theory, the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign within certain areas based on the divisions of responsibility between the provincial and federal government within the Constitution Act, 1867, and each province thus has its own representative of the Canadian Crown, the lieutenant governor. A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment, whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government. The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the Government of Canada (the federal government) and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively. The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act, 1867 (formerly called the British North America Act, 1867), whereas territorial governments are creatures of statute with powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada. Over its history, Canada's international borders have changed several times as it has added territories and provinces, making it the world's second-largest country by area. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North America- New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada (which upon Confederation was divided into Ontario and Quebec)-united to form a federation, becoming a fully independent country over the next century. Canada has ten provinces and three territories that are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution.
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